DEVICES

Nikola Tesla’s bladeless disk-stack turbine, invented at 1901, US patent granted at 1913 is of very high efficiency due to missing blades. The Tesla turbine is genially simple. Rotational movement is achieved by friction force among the molecules of driving fluid and molecules of material of which disks consist, which is based on adhesion attraction between molecules of different kinds. The turbine has only one moving part – the rotor, which consists of stack of disks, mounted on the shaft, close to each another, in order to increase the effective surface of the disks. The fluid inlet in shape of narrow channel is placed at the outer surface of the pneumatic case, to allow the fluid stream to flow tangential toward the profile of the disks-stake. In this way the speeding up of the rotor is achieved without any need for blades, which increases the efficiency caused by less losses, compared to the turbine based on blades or propeller, which are slowing down the rotation in one half of cycle, since the resistance appears due to movement of the blades against the fluid swirl direction in the half of the cycle of rotation. The shaft is mounted within the pneumatic case using high-speed bearings. The number of revolving per minute is very high, which depends on fluid used for driving the turbine, up to 10,000 rpms in working conditions, in case of using compressed air, and about 3,000 rpms in case of using the water. The fluid is swirling along the disks surfaces following the spiral shaped pathway, from inlet on the outer side of disks, toward the shaft in their centers, along which are drilled the outlet opens. Furthermore, we are intending to introduce additional energy from environmental surrounding into our energy converting subsystems in order to get more total available energy at the output. On this purpose we’re going to implement swirling air accelerator in form of standard snail inlet channel, which decreases in cross sections surface along the channel, toward the inlet into the turbine case. This is going to significantly increase the kinetic energy of the air inflow mass, due to speeding up the airflow in implosive swirling way.

Introducing the closed loop within our system, we are going to achieve even better results. In the matter of fact this is essential for getting the high efficient energy conversion system. The much higher efficiency of the bladeless turbine is going to be achieved by introducing the closed loop of airflow along with resonance force. The whole air mass, which is flowing into the turbine-motor through the snail shaped accelerator, is going to be exhausted at the turbines outlet, then it is going to be looped back toward the inlet into the snail shaped accelerator. The join between the loopback pipe and the snail shaped accelerator is achieved using the simplest jet-nozzle, which consists of two axial-symmetric placed within each another conic pipes, joined together at their bright ends, with drilled holes around the longest circumference of the outer pipe. The loopback pipe is mounted on the brighter side of the jet-nozzle, since the narrow side of the nozzle is mounted to the inlet of the airflow accelerator. Adding this simple part to the loopback subsystem is going to allow for introducing additional air mass flow from environmental surrounding due to suction process, which is then going to takes part in speeding up the turbine. In doing so, the need for compressed air, which is also introduced nearby the closed loop jet-nozzle at the airflow accelerators inlet, from the output of the external air-compressor, is going to be minimized as well, thus the energy needed for producing sufficient quantity of compressed air is going to be spared. The additional air mass introduced into the turbine using the jet-nozzle as integral part of loopback system, is going to increase the inner pressure within the pneumatic case of the turbine, therefore it would be necessary to implement appropriate size of security overpressure valves in order to avoid the explosion of the turbines case.

Since all rotating motor, generator, turbine devices are representing oscillating devices, we are going to get the maximal power transmission if we would succeed to match the size of the rotating parts of oscillating devices, to get such frequency at working speed, which resonantly matches the self-vibrations of planet Earth. In matching case, we are going to receive additional energy inflow within our energy convertor, from higher order of fractal structure, implementing the resonant force, which could result in many folds grater energy output then expected. On this purpose, all rotating parts of the system should match the size and weight, following the rule of keeping the harmony with our planet, as the gateway toward the whole universe. The simplest way to match it is to keep the measures in steps of ¼ of meter, or even of 1/10th of meter in certain cases. The optimal results are going to be achieved by comparing the measurement results of particular prototype applications. For instance the disks stack of diameter of 1/10th of meter matches in harmonic way the circumference of half of meter in five turns on axes. This simple fact could be involved in our plans for developing the devices, which are going to contribute in overall harmony with their own oscillations. In this way we could get the extremely efficiently turbine-motor of multipurpose usage. Although, the range of applications is very wide, we should be aware of disadvantages, which are related to the high speed of revolving the rotor on axes, such as damaging effect of decentering on axes, which could at high speed produces the resonant parasitic vibration of immense disturbing character. The high rotational speed could also make the motors of such kind, driven by compressed air, not available for vehicle applications, which are exposed to strong extern vibrations. In any case, this issues could be also solvable, thus would need the special attention to be solved, to avoid some damages. Using this kind of turbine in fuel-less turbo-prop engine systems for low speed aircraft seems to be ideal, since the air pressure is already presented behind the propeller, thus the loopback could easily be established. Convenient turbo-prop engines, are spearing the fuel in similar way, which could be optimized by combining already presented air compressor and bladeless turbine, achieving even fuel-less mode of work, at expense of possible lowering of power, thus performances such like speed of aircraft, but enormously increasing the flight range. On the other hand, this seems to be ideal solution for converting electrical energy, i. e. airflow stream from the air compressor into rotational mechanical energy, especially for stationary solutions, and to replace numerous electrical motors, spearing in doing so the bill for electricity.